EXPERIENCES IN PARTNERSHIP PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS IN THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
WORK OF THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY CIBAO (UCATECI) Friday, May 8, 2009
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AGRIBUSINESS RESEARCH
4.1 Overview
The increased competitiveness of domestic agricultural sector depends on the ability of suppliers of products and supplies to respond quickly to changes that records the market and consumers, while maintaining high product quality and acceptable levels of cost. In recent years there has been a growing need for cooperation between the private and public institutions to develop innovative strategies and explore market knowledge and mutual experience.
Many participants in the food industry are the small and medium agribusinesses that could be successful in various markets if they develop strategies for cooperation. For partnerships that essentially seeks to achieve competitiveness and the achievement of promising markets with a response to public demands. However, we note that can be costly to implement Appropriate mechanisms to enable effective liaison official sector, in addition, the private party
time consuming. This is critical to the existence of integrated cooperation, scientific discipline and experience of firms to achieve a degree of synergy that integrates and meets the common goals.
Today, international research systems are changing rapidly and research organizations must adapt to an ever more than that for which they were conceived. The current context requires dynamism of innovation systems that go far beyond the simple generation of technology.
Technological change, invention and the global trend to require public research institutions, private companies and producers to redefine mandates, roles and objectives to implement strategies with new approaches to agro-industrial research and conservation of natural resources. For this reason, operators are joining forces to face current challenges and issues that demand a more dynamic agriculture, modern, forward-development and internal and external competitiveness. It is also necessary to address some key issues that motivate the research institutes to link with the private sector.
The INIA looking to partner with the private sector to access and have a major source of funding for research, and thus capture the correct information from market demands and technology needs. The private sector for its part, seeks access to skilled human resources, results of science and technology, and quality technical support and infrastructure for research (Bay and Galvez 1999). To develop successful public-private partnerships must take into account elements considered vital to achieving that end. For example, identification of common interest between the partners and the goals and objectives to be achieved, the definition of roles, individual commitments, the responsibility of governance, administrative management of the process and the distribution of funding, which represents the most important and critical to the long-term success of an alliance (Vieira and Hartwich 2002).
experiences in public-private partnerships for agroindustrial research 65 4.1.1 Factors limiting
The state has played an important role in the promotion and control of industrial production in general and agribusiness in particular, with relatively good results from the point of view of production, and discouraging from the point of view of sustainability.
In the current context of economic openness and free market countries are deepening Policy reforms for the creation of a more modern (neo-institutional), that encourages competition, promotes the development and private investment, and allowing a stable and sustainable macroeconomic environment and social development equity and justice. Although the Dominican Republic has begun a process of structural reforms since the early nineties, there are still remnants that hinder the development and competitiveness in certain sectors of the economy, as in the case of the agricultural sector. Therefore, additional efforts are needed to allow removal of the barriers to progress and traffic welfare of those involved and interact in the market.
One factor that has limited the potential and the interrelationship between the public and the private sector has been the existence of a historical paternalism, which is still present in many Latin American countries. Similarly, we can mention a high level of institutional bureaucracy and discretionary policy. The institutional bureaucracies are factors that weaken the efforts of private productive investment in the market and the consequent approach to the formal sector. Another factor, equally important, but has implications for consideration in the public-private partnerships is the lack of coincidence of interest. The public research institution, as an official entity, plays a social role that creates and disseminates information technology, for what it sees as a fundamental principle of freedom to investigate and said that teaching and research are inseparable. Meanwhile, the private company is to maximize profits, providing financial resources, take risks and fight to stay in a market increasingly characterized
66 agribusiness in the Dominican Republic more competitive, considering the results obtained from research company confidential (Bay-Gálvez 1999). May also affect processes linking the public sector and private sector to those elements that characterize both sides: from the point of view of the public research institution that offers the services, and from the company to demand such services. Some factors determining factors from the supply side: quality and scientific capabilities of staff, inclusion in national and international scientific environment, infrastructure and equipment in proper condition and updated, among others. In turn, with respect to business demand, there are constraints as the company's credibility, reliability and seriousness in the principles of accountability and compromiso2. 4.1.2 Alliances
existing
Dominican Republic has had no formal examples of partnerships between the public and private sector agribusiness research. In practice, agreements and conventions have established technical and scientific cooperation in agriculture between the public and national and international entities.
During the development process of this work, it was found that most industrial companies surveyed have not had experience in partnerships with the public sector, rather they have engaged the services of consulting, research and technical assistance to some government institutions as INDOTEC and DIGENOR, among others. Even some research have been made by the companies themselves, leading to the delivery of substantial amounts of economic and financial resources. Other companies have turned to international agencies and companies to hire research services.
experiences in public-private partnerships for agroindustrial research
67 2 A similar case was made in the Agreement IDIAF-Tabacos Dominicanos, SA, which according to sources, the establishment of this agreement did not materialize due to TABADOM failed to meet agreed financial commitments. However, starting in 2001 with the launch of IDIAF in the country has established the signing of several agreements and conventions scientific research cooperation with the private sector, producer associations, cooperatives and agribusiness firms.
currently have concluded three agreements for cooperation
and six are pending section of representatives of the institutions involved. 4.1.3 Organisations involved
The research cooperation agreements mentioned above were signed between the IDIAF and businesses: Tabacos Dominicanos, SA, the Multiple Services Cooperative Francisco del Rosario Sánchez, Inc. and D1-Agro Livestock Project Ysura. The agreements that are pending to be defined are signed with Association for the Development of San Jose de Ocoa, the National Sugar Institute (INAZUCAR), the National Confederation of Dominican Cocoa Farmers-Chocolate Antillean CxA, Frito Lay Dominicana, Dominican Agribusiness Bon Agroindustrial, SA
4.1.4 Approach organizations to alliances
The agreements between the participating organizations demonstrate a common approach to strategy and strengthen the SINIAF in the Dominican Republic. For this will come together to contribute to it, in order to reduce the technology gap that currently characterizes the competitiveness and sustainability of production systems in the country. Furthermore
hand, these institutions and companies have been encouraged to be linked to provide a modern technology that allows them to greater efficiency in farm work, increased levels of productivity, improved quality of agricultural and livestock items, proper use of natural resources renewable and nonrenewable, and finally an optimization of the production management. It is a way to increase levels of value added products, to achieve the improvement of income and, consequently, an increase in welfare of producers and consumers. 68
characterization of agroindustrial sector of the Dominican Republic
4.2 Examples of Public-Private Partnership Agreement IDIAF
4.2.1 - Complex Agribusiness Livestock D1-Ysura
Agroindustrial Complex D1-Ysura Livestock belongs to the Dominican Agrarian Institute (IAD) and is one of the most important government infrastructure support breeding through multiplication and transfer to the producers of your foot Holstein cattle breeding Puro. This agreement, by its nature, is a public-public partnership. Objective
The agreement aims to implement research projects in the area of \u200b\u200bmilk production systems intensively, under conditions of total confinement and use of Holstein cattle, so that these institutions help to improve efficiency in the management of specialized dairy production units, productivity, and income levels and living standards of livestock producers. Commitment
parties
The IDIAF is committed to establishing an experimental field of basic research in pure Holsteins, managed in full tab. For its part, the D1-Ysura is committed to providing all logistical support facilities research staff assigned to the experimental field and IDIAF specialists and facilities to provide genetic material (pimps) for use as sires in the stations and camps experimental demand it. Both parties are committed to developing research proposals improved dairy cattle. As a first step will select a number of Holstein sires born from cows D1-Ysura project, which will be transferred to the Experimental Station of IDIAF Peter Brand, to be completed in its early weaning and growth in unity calf rearing of CEIAF. experiences in public-private partnerships for agroindustrial research
69
Form of implementation (governance)
The IDIAF appoint a technical liaison in the category of research, responsible for monitoring the progress of the projects implemented and to develop protocols and progress reports of the investigation. The administrator D1-Ysura Project is responsible for identifying the areas in which the D1-Ysura IDIAF required support, IDIAF channel requests in terms of supplies of animals for research projects and to ensure logistical support. Duration
The agreement is of indefinite duration. Financing
has not been disclosed information on financial resources allocated for the implementation of this agreement. Legal aspects
The IDIAF and D1-Ysura are assigned the same IP law publications and research findings as a result of the application the agreement.
Products made at this stage of the project have not yet submitted final or intermediate results. However, research is developed successfully and specialists and technicians IDIAF D1-Ysura are convinced that in the near future will achieve goals. 4.2.2
IDIAF Agreement - Multiple Services Cooperative
Francisco del Rosario Sánchez, Inc. (CFRS)
The CFRS is a nonprofit institution that plays a social role. Is formed by 243 farmers engaged in production 70 characterization of the agribusiness sector of the Dominican Republic of organic bananas, that is intended to both local market and international market. Contributes to the generation of jobs and income for the country with practices that maintain and preserve the environment. Objective
Generate and validate
organic technologies applicable to the work of building, handling and processing of banana production, so that the producers of this area, and especially those involved in implementing this agreement to enjoy the benefits that provides the value added at various levels of the supply chain. Commitment
parties
The IDIAF undertakes to identify the technological limitations affecting the production, handling and processing of bananas. The CFRS for its part is committed to providing the IDIAF a list of components or problems that warrant solutions through research. IDIAF determine the feasibility of each application and decide what action to take. The CFRS and IDIAF agree to jointly develop strategies for the validation and transfer of technologies that best serve the beneficiaries of the CFRS. The CFRS IDIAF authorizing the legitimate requests for research funds to national and international entities, provided that the proceeds pass to be managed within the structure of
IDIAF 
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